In this short guide, we will cover the following topics for ‘despertar’ in Spanish:
- What does ‘Despertar’ mean?
- ‘Despertar’ Conjugations
- How to Use ‘Despertar’ in Spanish
- Expressions & Idioms with ‘Despertar’
- Synonyms of ‘Despertar’ in Spanish
What does ‘Despertar’ mean?
Definition – ‘Despertar’ means to wake up, to awaken, or to come to your senses. It’s more commonly used to express that a person’s sleep has finished or interrupted. As a result, despertar is more commonly translated as ‘to wake up’.
However, depending on the context, this verb has several meanings in Spanish. Below there are some common situations where you can use ‘despertar’ along with their corresponding translations.
- When describing that a person woke up, ‘despertar’ is translated as ‘to wake up’ or ‘to awake’
- If talking about bringing back memories or describing feelings or desires caused by a certain situation, this verb is translated as ‘to awaken’ or ‘to arise’.
- If used to express that a person needs to think or reflect about something, despertar means ‘to wake up’ or ‘to come to your senses’.
Take Note: In Spanish, despertar is a transitive verb. This means that ‘despertar’ works with an object. So, if you’re describing that you did and receive the action of waking up, ‘despertar’ will be a reflexive verb.
‘Despertar’ Conjugations
In most tenses, despertar is a regular verb, meaning that you’ll use the same stem. However, when conjugating in present, imperative and present subjunctive, despertar has some small irregularities that you need to keep in mind.
Below there are some conjugation charts that will show you how to conjugate ‘despertar’ in Spanish. Notice that the conjugation patterns that you’ll see below will also be applied to the reflexive form despertarse. However, you’ll also need to add a reflexive pronoun.
Indicative
Present tense conjugation
In order to make the pronunciation easier, when conjugating ‘despertar’ in the present tense, you’ll use the stem despiert. This stem will be used for all the subjects and all you need to do is add the corresponding endings for each person.
| Person | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | despierto | I wake up |
| Tú | despiertas | You wake up |
| Él / Ella / Usted | despierta | He/She wakes up |
| Nosotros | despertamos | We wake up |
| Vosotros | despertáis | You wake up |
| Ustedes / Ellos / Ellas | despiertan | They/You wake up |
Preterite tense conjugation
Despertar in preterite tense is a regular verb. This means that you just need to remove the -AR ending, which will leave you with the stem despert- and then add the proper ending.
| Person | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desperté | I woke up |
| Tú | despertaste | You woke up |
| Él / Ella / Usted | despertó | He/She woke up |
| Nosotros | despertamos | We woke up |
| Vosotros | despertasteis | You woke up |
| Ustedes / Ellos / Ellas | despertaron | They/You woke up |
Imperfect tense conjugation
| Person | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | despertaba | I woke up |
| Tú | despertabas | You woke up |
| Él / Ella / Usted | despertaba | He/She woke up |
| Nosotros | despertábamos | We woke up |
| Vosotros | despertabais | You woke up |
| Ustedes / Ellos / Ellas | despertaban | They/You woke up |
Future tense conjugation
To conjugate despertar in the future tense, just add the endings underlined in the table below to the infinitive form of the verb.
| Person | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | despertaré | I will wake up |
| Tú | despertarás | You will wake up |
| Él / Ella / Usted | despertará | He/She will wake up |
| Nosotros | despertaremos | We will wake up |
| Vosotros | despertaréis | You will wake up |
| Ustedes / Ellos / Ellas | despertarán | They/You will wake up |
Conditional tense conjugation
In the conditional tense, despertar doesn’t have any irregularities since we work with its infinitive form to conjugate it to the conditional tense. Just make sure to add the proper endings.
| Person | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | despertaría | I would wake up |
| Tú | despertarías | You would wake up |
| Él / Ella / Usted | despertaría | He/She would wake up |
| Nosotros | despertaríamos | We would wake up |
| Vosotros | despertaríais | You would wake up |
| Ustedes / Ellos / Ellas | desperatarían | They/You would wake up |
Progressive Tenses
El bebé se está despertando.
The baby is waking up.
Esta semana no nos estemos despertando temprano.
This week we’re not waking up early.
Perfect Tenses
Marta ha despertado a mis hermanas.
Marta has waken my sisters up.
En unas horas, los niños habrán despertado.
In a few hours, the kids will have awakened.
Despertar Subjunctive Conjugations
Present subjunctive conjugation
In the present subjunctive, despertar has some spelling irregularities. So, to conjugate to this mood, you’ll use the stem ‘despiert’ for most of the subjects. Notice that only ‘nosotros’ and ‘vosotros’ don’t have these changes in spelling of the stem.
| Person | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | despierte | To wake up |
| Tú | despiertes | To wake up |
| Él / Ella / Usted | despierte | To wake up |
| Nosotros | despertemos | To wake up |
| Vosotros | despertéis | To wake up |
| Ustedes / Ellos / Ellas | despierten | To wake up |
Imperfect subjunctive conjugations
For the imperfect subjunctive, keep the stem ‘despert’ and add the ending according for each corresponding pronoun as shown in the table below.
| Person | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | Despertara / depertase | I wake up |
| Tú | Despertaras / despertases | You wake up |
| Él / Ella / Usted | Despertara / despertases | He/She wakes up |
| Nosotros | Despertáramos / despertásemos | We wake up |
| Vosotros | Despertarais / despertaseis | You wake up |
| Ustedes / Ellos / Ellas | Despertaran / despertasen | They/You wake up |
Perfect subjunctive
Ojala se hayan despertado temprano.
I hope they woke up early.
Si te hubieras despertado temprano, habríamos llegado a tiempo.
If you had woken up early, we would have arrived on time.
Imperative
Imperative conjugation
For the positive imperative in Spanish, the irregular stem ‘despiert’ is used for tú and ustedes. However, for vosotros and nosotros, you’ll use the regular stem ‘despert’.
| Person | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | despiertes | Wake up |
| Nosotros | despertemos | Let’s wake up |
| Vosotros | despertad | Wake up |
| Ustedes | despierten | Wake up |
Take Note: The negative imperative works slightly differently than the positive imperative shown above. To conjugate the negative imperative, you need to use the present subjunctive conjugation (despierte, despiertes, etc.). Just make sure to add the word No before the verb and have a bossy voice tone 😉
No despiertes a mamá, necesita descansar.
Don’t wake mom up, she has to rest.
How to Use ‘Despertar’ in Spanish with Examples
- To describe that a person stopped sleeping
- To express that an idea, desire, feeling, or memory arised
- When someone reflects or thinks about something
Below, I’ll explain how to use this verb in your daily conversations.
To describe that a person stopped sleeping
In Spanish, we use ‘despertar’ to talk about stopping or interrupting someone’s sleep. So in this context, despertar can be translated as ‘to wake up’ or ‘awaken’. Keep in mind that with this meaning, ‘despertar’ can have a reflexive form.
[Despertar conjugated] + [complement]
¡Ya despiértense! ¡Son las 7!
Wake up! It’s 7 already!
Ana Laura no me despertará mañana.
Ana Laura will not wake me up tomorrow.
Me desperté tarde y ya no había nadie en casa.
I woke up late and no one was home.
Julia me dijo que la despertara en caso de que su alarma no funcionara.
Julia told me to wake her up in case her alarm didn’t work.
Take Note: Notice that in this context we use direct object pronouns if the person awaking is different from the person performing the action. However, if I wake up myself without the help of another, I’ll use a reflexive pronoun. Check the examples below.
Clara te despertó ayer.
Clara woke you up yesterday.
¿Podrás despertarte mañana a las 7 a.m.?
Will you be able to wake up tomorrow morning at 7 a.m.?
To express that a desire, feeling, or memory arised
‘Despertar’ is also used to refer to bringing out memories, feelings, desires or ideas. In this context, it can be translated as ‘arise’ or ‘bring back’.
[‘Despertar’ conjugated] + [complement]
Caminar desde el centro de la ciudad a la casa despertó mi apetito.
Walking from the city center to the house whetted my appetite.
Ver las fotos del campamento despertó buenos recuerdos en la familia.
Seeing the photos of the camp awakened good memories in the family.
Ir al volcán despertó nuevas emociones en los excursionistas.
Going to the volcano awakened new emotions in the hikers.
Expressing reflection or thinking
‘Despertar’ is also used to refer to making someone reflect or be aware of something. As a result, in this situation, it can be translated as ‘wake up to’, ‘to come to your senses’ or ‘raise’.
El objetivo de las conferencias es despertar la conciencia en los estudiantes.
The aim of the lectures is to raise awareness among students.
Afortunadamente despertó ante la situación que le afectaba.
Fortunately, he woke up to the situation affecting him.
¡Despierta! ¿No te das cuenta del daño ocasionado?
Wake up! Don’t you realize the damage you have done?
Despertar Expressions & Idioms
There are some Spanish expressions with ‘despertar’ that you can use to improve your vocabulary and communication.
Despertar interés: In Spanish, despertar el interés is used when talking about the curiosity or attention that a person or thing provokes in someone. It can be translated as ‘awaken interest’.
Ser una persona despierta: this Spanish expression is used to describe a clever person or kids that learn something very quick and easily. It’s closer in meaning to ‘sharp’, ‘smart’ or ‘clever’.
Despertar el hambre: this phrase is used to express that the feeling of hunger is being stimulated or aroused. It means ‘to whet your appetite’. Although this expression is common in Spanish, its variation abrir el apetito is more popular.
Synonyms of ‘Despertar’ in Spanish
Levantarse: In Spanish, levantarse is also used when referring to stopping or interrupting someone’s sleep. As a result, Spanish speakers use this verb as a synonym of ‘despertarse’. Levantarse means ‘to wake up’ or ‘to get up’.
Despabilar: Despabilar or espabilar are used to express that a person needs to wake up or be more energetic. Both of these verbs are slightly more formal than ‘despertar’. ‘Despabilar’ can be translated as ‘to wake up’, ‘to pay attention’ or ‘to liven up’.
Recordar: Recordar can be a synonym of ‘despertar’ when used to talk about bringing back memories, feelings, desires or ideas. ‘Recordar’ means ‘to remember’ or ‘to recall’.
Avivar: In Spanish, avivar can be an informal synonym of ‘despertar’ when referring to becoming aware of something. It means ‘to spark off’ or ‘to reflect’.